BJSM Table 3 Comparison of the intervention and control group Injuries Injured players (%) Injury occurrence: match/training (%) Hours of exposure (median, IQR) Total injury incidence (95% CI) Match injury incidence (95% CI) Practice injury incidence (95% CI) Days of sports absenteeism (median, IQR) Injury severity (%): - Slight (0 days) - Minimal (1–3 days) - Mild (4–7 days) - Moderate (8–28 days) - Severe (>28 days) - Career ending Injury mechanism: acute/overuse (%) Recurrent injury (%) Injury location (%) (top 5) Intervention group 207 60.5 65.4/34.6 (n=191) 103.4, 31.4 9.6 (8.4 to 11.0) 21.1 (17.8 to 25.0) 3.7 (2.8 to 4.8) 14, 28.5 (n=204) (n=205) 0 5.9 18.5 46.3 28.8 0.5 78.9/21.1 (n=199) 13.0 (n=193) (n=206) 1. Ankle: 21.8 2. Upper leg (posterior): 18.4 3. Knee: 11.7* 4. Groin: 9.7 5. Upper leg (anterior): 8.3 6. Other: 30.1 IQR, interquartile range; CI, confi dence interval. *Signifi cantly different between the intervention and control group. with care. In addition, when exposure is taken into account, the difference in knee injuries was no longer signifi cant. Results were corrected for baseline group differences in height and weight (table 3). Cox regression was used to further analyse the effects of the intervention programme. Survival curves for the injuries (without re-injuries) throughout the season showed no signifi cant difference between the two groups (fi gure 2). The analysis including all injuries that occurred during the season (ie, both fi rst-time and recurrent injuries) yielded the same result. Discussion In contrast to our hypothesis, we found no preventive effect of The11 on injury incidence or injury severity among male adult amateur soccer players during one season. 10 Sport & Geneeskunde | december 2012 | nummer 5 Whereas we found no preventive effect of The11 in our study population, consisting of adult men playing at a high amateur level, Junge et al17 found preventive effects of the programme among male youth soccer players. It is conceivable that an exercise programme have greater physical effects in younger players, since they have not yet established their basic movement patterns.27 an effect was found in junior soccer players, but not in senior soccer players playing at the highest amateur levels. A gender effect has been suggested, as The11 includes fi ve exercises with a major focus on balance and knee alignment.28 neuromuscular control,15,29 male players have a 2–3 times higher ACL injury risk than male players, related to impaired knee alignment and lack of muscular balance.30,31 Control group 220 59.7 69.6/30.4 (n=194) 104.3, 35.0 9.7 (8.5 to 11.1) 22.7 (19.3 to 26.7) 3.1 (2.3 to 4.0) 17, 30 (n=211) (n=214) 0.5 5.1 21.5 41.6 29.9 1.4 82.7/17.3 (n=197) 14.1 (n=193) (n=202) 1. Knee: 19.8* 2. Ankle: 16.3 3. Upper leg (posterior): 13.4 4. Upper leg (anterior): 12.9 5. Groin: 11.4 6. Other: 26.2 This may explain why These exercises aim to improve core stability and and it is well known that feHence, a preventive effect may be Pagina 9
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Sport & Geneeskunde nummer 5 | December 2012 Lees publicatie 18Home