Overzichtsartikel Table 1. Study characteristics of studies investigating the direct effect of β-alanine supplementation on power-based exercise performance Reference Subjects Design Baguet et al.42 17 elite rowers (national and international level) Bellinger et al.40 14 highlytrained male cyclists Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled (EG, n = 8; PG, n = 9) Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled (EG, n = 7; PG, n = 7) Derive et al.35 15 well-trained male sprint runners (regional or national level) Ducker et al.36 18 trained male runners (club level) Ducker et al.41 16 elite male rowers (national and international level) Hobson et al.43 20 trained rowers (club level) Howe et al.39 16 highlytrained male cyclists Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled (EG, n = 8; PG, n = 7) Single-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled (EG, n = 9; PG, n = 9) Randomized, placebo-controlled (EG, n = 7; PG, n = 9) Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled (EG, n = 10; PG, n = 10) Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled (EG, n = 8; PG, n = 8) Dosage protocol 7 wk, 5 g·d-1 Exercise protocol Result(s) (5 doses of 1 g, 2-h intervals) β-alanine or placebo (maltodextrin) 28 d, 65 mg·kg-1 BM·d-1 (4 doses) β-alanine or placebo (dextrose monohydrate) 4-5 wk, day 1-4 2.4 g·d-1 day 5-8 3.6 g·d-1 , thereafter 4.8 g·d-1 β-alanine or placebo (maltodextrin) 28 d, 80 mg·kg-1 , 2000-m rowing ergometer test (pre vs. post) 4-min cycling time trial (familiarization, pre, post) 400-m indoor running trial (pre vs. post) BM·d-1 (4 doses) β-alanine or placebo (glucose) 28 d, 80 mg·kg-1 BM·d-1 (4 doses) β-alanine or placebo (glucose) 30 d, 6.4 g·d-1 (4 doses of 2 × 800 mg tablets, 3-4 hr intervals) β-alanine or placebo (maltodextrin) 28 d, 65 mg·kg-1 BM·d-1 (4 doses) β-alanine or placebo (dextrose monohydrate) 800-m outdoor running trial (duplicate trials; familiarization, pre, post) 2000-m rowing ergometer test (duplicate trials; pre vs. post) 2000-m rowing ergometer test (pre, post) 4-min cycling time trial (familiarization, pre, post) Δ-time, β-alanine group -2.7 ± 4.8 s, placebo group 1.8 ± 6.8 s, p = 0.07 (interaction effect) Δ-values compared to placebo. Average power output (W) 5.05 ± 8.42 W, 32% LBP; total work done 1.34 ± 2.42 kJ, 27% LBP Δ-time, β-alanine group -0.7 s, placebo group -0.7 s, p = 0.98 (interaction effect) Δ, β-alanine group -2.46 ± 1.80%, placebo group -0.37 ± 1.62%, p = 0.02 (change scores) Δ-time, β-alanine group -2.9 ± 4.1 s, placebo group 1.2 ± 2.9 s, p = 0.055 (change scores) Δ compared to placebo, 1.5 ± 1.9%, 96% very likely chance of benefit Δ average power output, β-alanine group 6.5 ± 7.3 W, placebo group 1.2 ± 9.7 W, 44% possible chance of benefit, p = 0.25 (change scores) de Sales Painelli et al.37 16 well-trained swimmers (males and females, state level) Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled (EG, n = 9; PG, n = 7) 5 wk, 3.2 g·d-1 during week 1 (4 doses), 6.4 g·d-1 during week 2-5 (4 doses) β-alanine or placebo (dextrose) EG, experimental group; PG, placebo group; BM, body mass; LBP, likelihood of being positive. 100-m and 200-m freestyle swimming trials (pre, post) Δ 100-m, β-alanine group -2.1%, placebo group +0.3%, p = 0.07; Δ 200-m, β-alanine group -2.0%, placebo group -0.1%, p = 0.002 (change scores) Side effects No 2 of the 7 cyclists reported mild symptoms of paraesthesia Not reported Not reported Not reported No 2 of the 8 cyclists reported mild symptoms of paraesthesia 4 of the 9 subjects reported mild symptoms of paraesthesia 10 Sport & Geneeskunde | november 2015 | nummer 3 Pagina 9

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